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NCERT Solutions-Pastoralists in the Modern World-Class 9- Social Science

  Exercise Question Answers- Chapter -5-Pastoralists in the Modern World(History) ******************************** 1. Explain why nomadic tribes need to move from one place to another. What are the advantages to the environment of this continuous movement? Answer:  They move to find fresh grass and water for their animals. Pastures change with seasons (summer/winter or dry/rainy). Movement helps them survive droughts or famines. They follow a fixed cycle every year for better grazing. ✔ Advantages to the environment: Prevents overgrazing in one area. Grasslands get time to grow back naturally. Helps maintain soil and plant health. 2. Discuss why the colonial government in India brought in the following laws. In each case, explain how the law changed the lives of pastoralists: Answer:  🔹 Waste Land Rules Government took over uncultivated (grazing) lands to grow crops. Pastoralists lost their grazing areas. Movement became difficult, and the...
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NCERT Solutions-Chapter 10-The Constitution of India—An Introduction Class 7 SST

 Exercise Question Answers Chapter The Constitution of India—An Introduction(Civics) Subject Social Science Class 7

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1. “The Constituent Assembly had representatives from diverse backgrounds in India.” Why do you think it was important to have a diverse set of representatives from all over India?

Answer: 

  1. India is a country with many religions, languages, and cultures.

  2. Diverse representation ensured fairness and inclusiveness for all communities.

  3. It helped in writing a Constitution that respected everyone’s views and needs.

  4. Leaders from different regions brought local knowledge and experiences.

  5. It promoted unity in diversity, which is a key value of our Constitution.

2. Read the statements below carefully and identify which key features / values in the Constitution of India are reflected in each statement.

a. Sheena, Rajat, and Harsh are standing in a line. They are excited to cast their first vote in the general elections.

b. Radha, Imon, and Harpreet study in the same class in the same school.

c. Parents must make arrangements to ensure their children’s education. 

d. People of all castes, genders, and religions can use the village well.

Answer: 

Key features/values are reflected in each statement:

  • a. Standing in line to vote → Democracy

  • b. Studying in the same class → Equality

  • c. Parents ensuring education → Fundamental Duty

  • d. Equal access to village well → Justice and Equality

  • e. (Extra): These values show how the Constitution works in daily life.

3. It is said that ‘All citizens in India are equal before the law’. Do you think this is a fact? If yes, why? If not, why not? Formulate your arguments.

Answer: 

  1. Yes, the Constitution guarantees equality before law (Article 14).

  2. Laws apply to everyone equally, regardless of caste, religion, or gender.

  3. But in practice, some people may still face discrimination.

  4. To fix this, we must respect each other and speak against unfair treatment.

  5. As citizens, we must work to make equality a reality for all.

4. You have learnt that ‘India is the only country that provided universal adult franchise to its citizens from the beginning.’ Can you explain why India did it? 

Answer: 

  1. It reflects the trust in all people, regardless of education or wealth.

  2. Inspired by the freedom struggle, which fought for equal rights.

  3. Leaders believed that every adult must have the right to vote.

  4. It made India one of the first democracies to do so after independence.

  5. It supports the idea of government by the people.

5. How did the freedom struggle inspire the making of the Constitution of India? How did India’s civilisational heritage inspire some of the key features in the Constitution of India? Explain.

Answer: 

  1. The freedom movement taught us the values of justice, equality, and liberty.

  2. Many freedom fighters were also members of the Constituent Assembly.

  3. Ancient Indian values like tolerance, respect, and duty were included.

  4. Traditions like "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam" showed the world as one family.

  5. The Constitution reflects both modern ideas and Indian culture.

6. Do you think we, as a society, have achieved all the ideals of the Constitution? If not, what can we each do as citizens to move our country closer to these ideals?

Answer: 

  • Not fully — issues like inequality, injustice, and discrimination remain.

  • Citizens can:

    • Follow Fundamental Duties.

    • Treat others equally.

    • Protect environment and heritage.

    • Participate in governance responsibly.

7. Read the clues carefully to solve the crossword on the next page to uncover important concepts from the Indian Constitution.

Answer: 

Crossword Puzzle Answers

Across:

  1. Legislature – Makes laws.

  2. Fundamental Duties – Duties of citizens.

  3. Supreme Court – Highest court in India.

  4. Republic – Head of state is elected.

  5. Amendment – Process of changing the Constitution.

Down:

  1. Constituent Assembly – Wrote the Constitution.

  2. Preamble – Introductory statement of values.

  3. Constitution – Rulebook of the country.

  4. Helium – Gas used to preserve Constitution.

  5. Fundamental Rights – Basic rights for all citizens.

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