Exercise Question Answer for Chapter 1 -The Story of Indian Farming for Class 7 in Subject Social Science ******************************** The Big Questions ? 1. What are the main characteristics of Indian agriculture? Indian agriculture includes crop farming, animal rearing, fisheries, forestry, and horticulture . It is practiced in different climates and regions across the country. Farming follows three seasons – kharif, rabi, and zaid . It uses a mix of traditional and modern methods . A large part of India’s population depends on agriculture for livelihood . 2. How are farming, climate, soil, and water interrelated? Climate decides temperature and rainfall needed for crops. Soil type provides nutrients and support to plants. Water availability affects crop growth and yield. Different crops grow where climate, soil, and water suit them . Farming depends on the balance of all three factors . 3. How can traditional practices and contemporary ones co...
Full Multiple Choice Questions for chapter 1-The Story of Indian Farming in class 7 for Subject Social Science
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Section A: Multiple Choice Questions:
1. The word 'Agriculture' is derived from which language?
a) Greek
b) Latin
c) Sanskrit
d) Arabic
Answer: b) Latin
2. What does the Latin word 'Agri' mean?
a) Water
b) Cultivation
c) Field
d) Seed
Answer: c) Field
3. Which cropping season in India coincides with the southwest monsoon (June to September)?
a) Rabi
b) Zaid
c) Kharif
d) Harvest
Answer: c) Kharif
4. Which of the following is a major Rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Watermelon
d) Cotton
Answer: b) Wheat
5. The 'Zaid' season is known for growing which type of crops?
a) Winter grains
b) Monsoon cereals
c) Summer fruits and vegetables
d) Heavy spices
Answer: c) Summer fruits and vegetables
6. Which state in India became the world’s first 100 per cent organic state?
a) Punjab
b) Kerala
c) Sikkim
d) Odisha
Answer: c) Sikkim
7. Who is considered the architect of the Green Revolution in India?
a) M.S. Swaminathan
b) Verghese Kurien
c) Homi Bhabha
d) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Answer: a) M.S. Swaminathan
8. Black soil is also known as:
a) Brick earth
b) Cotton soil
c) Sandy soil
d) Alpine soil
Answer: b) Cotton soil
9. Which soil is formed by the weathering of volcanic rocks and holds a lot of moisture?
a) Red soil
b) Alluvial soil
c) Black soil
d) Laterite soil
Answer: c) Black soil
10. What is 'Humus'?
a) A type of chemical fertilizer
b) Dark organic matter formed by decomposed plants and animals
c) A traditional irrigation tool
d) A type of hybrid seed
Answer: b) Dark organic matter formed by decomposed plants and animals
11. Which ancient text contains sections on agriculture, including seed preparation and payment to farmers?
a) Ramayana
b) Mahabharata
c) Arthashastra
d) Panchatantra
Answer: c) Arthashastra
12. In which part of India is 'Bamboo drip irrigation' traditionally practiced?
a) Western Ghats
b) Northeastern India
c) Northern Plains
d) Deccan Plateau
Answer: b) Northeastern India
13. What is the method of growing plants in nutrient-rich water solutions without soil called?
a) Terrace farming
b) Hydroponics
c) Sericulture
d) Pisciculture
Answer: b) Hydroponics
14. Which soil type is formed by silt deposits brought by rivers?
a) Alluvial soil
b) Red soil
c) Desert soil
d) Laterite soil
Answer: a) Alluvial soil
15. 'Phad' is a community-based irrigation system found in which state?
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Maharashtra
c) West Bengal
d) Rajasthan
Answer: b) Maharashtra
16. Approximately what percentage of India's working population is engaged in agriculture (2022-2023)?
a) 25%
b) 46%
c) 75%
d) 90%
Answer: b) 46%
17. The process of ploughing along the natural curves of a slope to prevent soil erosion is called:
a) Crop rotation
b) Contour ploughing
c) Mulching
d) Threshing
Answer: b) Contour ploughing
18. Which revolution introduced High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds and chemical fertilizers to India?
a) White Revolution
b) Blue Revolution
c) Green Revolution
d) Industrial Revolution
Answer: c) Green Revolution
19. What gives Red soil its reddish color?
a) Presence of iron
b) Presence of copper
c) High clay content
d) Volcanic ash
Answer: a) Presence of iron
20. Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
a) Barley
b) Peas
c) Rice
d) Gram
Answer: c) Rice
21. What is 'Panchagavya'?
a) A tool for harvesting
b) A fermented mixture of five cow products used as biofertilizer
c) A type of irrigation canal
d) A variety of wheat
Answer: b) A fermented mixture of five cow products used as biofertilizer
22. Which ancient Indian technique uses a mix of honey, ghee, and lard to treat cut sugarcane before planting?
a) Grafting
b) Seed smearing
c) Threshing
d) Winnowing
Answer: b) Seed smearing (as described in Arthashastra)
23. 'Gokrishi' refers to a farming method that relies on:
a) Heavy machinery
b) Cows and bullocks
c) Chemical pesticides
d) Drones
Answer: b) Cows and bullocks
24. The 'Kull', 'Kund', and 'Ahar' are traditional names for:
a) Soil types
b) Water structures/Irrigation systems
c) Seed varieties
d) Farming festivals
Answer: b) Water structures/Irrigation systems
25. Which government scheme provides crop insurance to farmers?
a) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
b) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
c) Make in India
d) Digital India
Answer: b) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
26. What is the main disadvantage of the Green Revolution mentioned in the text?
a) Decrease in food production
b) Long-term soil impoverishment and groundwater depletion
c) It is too slow
d) It requires too much manual labor
Answer: b) Long-term soil impoverishment and groundwater depletion
27. 'Terrace farming' is primarily practiced in which type of region?
a) Deserts
b) Coastal plains
c) Hilly slopes
d) River banks
Answer: c) Hilly slopes
28. What is 'Apiculture'?
a) Rearing of silkworms
b) Rearing of fish
c) Beekeeping
d) Growing grapes
Answer: c) Beekeeping
29. Which crop is mentioned as a 'Zaid' crop?
a) Watermelon
b) Wheat
c) Maize
d) Mustard
Answer: a) Watermelon
30. What is 'Intercropping'?
a) Growing only one crop year after year
b) Growing two or more different crops simultaneously
c) Leaving the land fallow
d) Cutting down trees for farming
Answer: b) Growing two or more different crops simultaneously
31. The ancient site 'Mehrgarh' shows evidence of the cultivation of which crops in the 7th millennium BCE?
a) Rice and corn
b) Barley and millets
c) Potato and tomato
d) Coffee and tea
Answer: b) Barley and millets
32. Drip irrigation is also known as:
a) Flood irrigation
b) Trickle irrigation
c) Canal irrigation
d) Sprinkler irrigation
Answer: b) Trickle irrigation
33. What is 'mulching'?
a) A method to prevent soil erosion
b) A method of harvesting
c) A type of seed
d) A machine for threshing
Answer: a) A method to prevent soil erosion (traditional method mentioned)
34. In rural areas, what percentage of agricultural workers are women?
a) Less than 20%
b) About 50%
c) More than 75%
d) 10%
Answer: c) More than 75%
35. Which soil becomes hard in hot weather and is used to make bricks?
a) Alluvial soil
b) Laterite soil
c) Alpine soil
d) Black soil
Answer: b) Laterite soil
Section B: True or False:
True/False: The Northeast monsoon brings rain to India from June to September.
Answer: False (The Southwest monsoon is June-Sept; Northeast is Oct-Dec)
True/False: Rabi crops are known as winter crops.
Answer: True
True/False: Red soil is very fertile and holds moisture well.
Answer: False (Red soil is not very fertile)
True/False: The Green Revolution made India self-sufficient in food grains.
Answer: True
True/False: Rice is a major crop of the Kharif season.
Answer: True
True/False: Sprinkler irrigation wastes more water than flood irrigation.
Answer: False (Sprinklers help use water more efficiently)
True/False: In ancient India, seed drills were unknown.
Answer: False (The Indian seed drill is an ingenious invention of ancient farmers)
True/False: Hydroponics requires soil to grow plants.
Answer: False (It uses nutrient-rich water solutions)
True/False: A hectare is larger than an acre.
Answer: True (1 hectare = 10,000 sq meters; 1 acre = ~4,047 sq meters)
True/False: Crop rotation involves growing the same crop in the same field every season.
Answer: False (It involves growing different types of crops to prevent nutrient loss)
Section C: Fill in the Blanks:
The term _______ broadly includes farming, animal husbandry, forestry, and horticulture.
Answer: Agriculture
_______ soil is formed by the breakdown of volcanic rocks and is ideal for growing cotton.
Answer: Black
The three main cropping seasons in India are Kharif, Rabi, and _______.
Answer: Zaid
_______ is the organic matter formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter in the soil.
Answer: Humus
The system of irrigation where water drips slowly directly to the roots is called _______ irrigation.
Answer: Drip (or Trickle)
_______ is the practice of raising fish.
Answer: Pisciculture
The average landholding size for an Indian farmer is approximately three-fourths of a _______.
Answer: Hectare
_______ is a fine-grained sediment brought by rivers that makes alluvial soil very fertile.
Answer: Silt
_______ ploughing involves ploughing along the natural curves of a hill slope to prevent soil erosion.
Answer: Contour
The _______ revolution in the 1960s introduced high-yielding varieties of seeds to India.
Answer: Green
Section D: Assertion and Reason Questions:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
1. Assertion (A): Kharif crops are sown at the beginning of the monsoon season.
Reason (R): Kharif crops like rice require a lot of water which is provided by the heavy rains.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Assertion (A): Farmers in North India cannot grow crops during the dry season between monsoons without irrigation.
Reason (R): North India does not receive the Northeast monsoon which brings rain to the south and east.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
3. Assertion (A): The Green Revolution is considered entirely flawless with no negative impacts.
Reason (R): It helped India achieve self-sufficiency in food grains like wheat and rice.
Answer: d) A is false but R is true. (The Green Revolution had negative impacts like soil impoverishment)
4. Assertion (A): Terrace farming is commonly practiced on hill slopes.
Reason (R): Cutting steps into the hillside creates flat land for agriculture and slows down soil erosion.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
5. Assertion (A): Red soil appears red in color.
Reason (R): It contains a high amount of humus and organic matter.
Answer: c) A is true but R is false. (Red soil is red because of iron, not humus)
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