MCQs-Chapter 4- New Beginnings: Cities and States-Class 7 Social Science

Multiple Choice Questions-Chapter 4 New Beginnings:

Cities and States (History) Class 7 Subject Social Science

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Multiple Choice Questions:

What does the term 'Second Urbanisation' refer to?
- a) Growth of villages
- b) Growth of new cities in 1st millennium BCE ✅
- c) Decline of cities
- d) Discovery of new rivers
Where did the Second Urbanisation mainly begin?
- a) Thar Desert
- b) Ganga plains ✅
- c) Western Ghats
- d) Deccan Plateau
Which metal became important during Second Urbanisation?
- a) Copper
- b) Gold
- c) Iron ✅
- d) Silver
'Janapada' means:
- a) A temple
- b) A territory where people settled ✅
- c) A river
- d) A fort
Which system involved early democratic assemblies?
- a) Sabha and Samiti ✅
- b) Gurukuls
- c) Varnas
- d) Bhakti movements
What was the role of Sabha and Samiti?
- a) Religious leaders
- b) War commanders
- c) Advisory councils to rulers ✅
- d) Builders of forts
How many Mahājanapadas are usually mentioned?
- a) 10
- b) 12
- c) 16 ✅
- d) 20
Which Mahājanapada had an early form of democracy?
- a) Magadha
- b) Vajji ✅
- c) Kosala
- d) Avanti
Which river valley helped Mahājanapadas prosper?
- a) Indus
- b) Yamuna
- c) Ganga ✅
- d) Saraswati
The first coins in India were called:
- a) Stamped coins
- b) Punch-marked coins ✅
- c) Gold coins
- d) Copper plates
What type of cities were Mahājanapada capitals?
- a) Unplanned
- b) Fortified cities ✅
- c) Floating cities
- d) Palace cities
Which state was powerful among Mahājanapadas?
- a) Rajasthan
- b) Magadha ✅
- c) Gujarat
- d) Kerala
Which literature mentions early cities?
- a) Buddhist and Jain texts ✅
- b) Christian Bible
- c) Islamic Hadith
- d) Roman literature
Iron tools helped mainly in:
- a) Building temples
- b) Making jewellery
- c) Clearing forests for farming ✅
- d) Writing books
The earliest form of money in India was:
- a) Barter only
- b) Shell money
- c) Punch-marked silver coins ✅
- d) Gold bars
The concept of 'varna' is related to:
- a) Food
- b) Class and occupation ✅
- c) River systems
- d) Trading
Which Mahājanapada’s capital was Rajagriha?
- a) Anga
- b) Kosala
- c) Magadha ✅
- d) Avanti
‘Moat’ around cities was used for:
- a) Fishing
- b) Farming
- c) Defense ✅
- d) Worship
The earliest republics were called:
- a) Monarchies
- b) Gaṇas and Saṅghas ✅
- c) Empires
- d) Castes
Early rulers collected:
- a) Donations
- b) Taxes ✅
- c) Only gifts
- d) No taxes
Iron was better than bronze because:
- a) Heavier
- b) Easier to find and sharper ✅
- c) More colorful
- d) More expensive
Where is Ujjayini located today?
- a) Rajasthan
- b) Uttar Pradesh
- c) Madhya Pradesh ✅
- d) Kerala
Assemblies could:
- a) Remove a bad king ✅
- b) Build temples
- c) Worship gods
- d) Organize marriages
Janapadas were first small:
- a) Tribes
- b) States ✅
- c) Cities
- d) Dynasties
A rich kingdom needed:
- a) Only temples
- b) Good roads and agriculture ✅
- c) Big armies only
- d) More gold
Sabha and Samiti included mainly:
- a) Young warriors
- b) Elder men ✅
- c) Only women
- d) Only traders
Varṇa system classified people based on:
- a) Wealth
- b) Profession and duty ✅
- c) Skin colour
- d) Age
Who were Vaishyas?
- a) Warriors
- b) Priests
- c) Traders and farmers ✅
- d) Artisans
Aśhmaka Mahājanapada was near:
- a) Indus
- b) Godavari river ✅
- c) Yamuna
- d) Narmada
The roads called Dakshinapatha and Uttarapatha helped in:
- a) Wars only
- b) Trade and travel ✅
- c) Fishing
- d) Mining
Vajji had its capital at:
- a) Mathura
- b) Vaiśālī ✅
- c) Rajagriha
- d) Ahichchatra
Early coins were made of:
- a) Plastic
- b) Paper
- c) Silver ✅
- d) Bronze
Early city of Śhiśhupalgarh was located in:
- a) Maharashtra
- b) Odisha ✅
- c) Gujarat
- d) Kerala
The earliest southern kingdoms included:
- a) Mauryas
- b) Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas ✅
- c) Mughals
- d) Rajputs
Trade connected India with:

a) Europe and Southeast Asia ✅
b) Antarctica
c) Greenland
d) Africa only

True or False:

Iron tools were important for farming and war. — True
Vajji was a powerful monarchy. — False
Punch-marked coins were made first with copper. — False
Early cities were surrounded by moats for defense. — True
All janapadas practiced democracy. — False

3. Match the Following

Column A

Column B

1. Janapada

a) Stronger tools and weapons

2. Magadha

b) Small state/territory

3. Vajji

c) Capital at Rajagriha

4. Punch-marked coins

d) Early republic

5. Iron

e) Silver currency

Answer: 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-e, 5-a

Assertion and Reasoning:

Q1 Assertion (A): Mahājanapadas had fortified cities.
Reason (R): Forts provided defense against attacks.
→ Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.

Q2 Assertion (A): Vajji followed monarchy.
Reason (R): King was selected by inheritance.
→ A is false, R is false.

Q3 Assertion (A): Iron made agriculture easier.
Reason (R): Iron tools were heavier than copper tools.
→ A is true, R is false.

Q4 Assertion (A): Trade led to the need for coins.
Reason (R): Coins made transactions easier.
→ Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.

Q5 Assertion (A): All cities of Mahājanapadas have disappeared.
Reason (R): They were destroyed by invaders.
→ A is false, R is false.

5. Fill in the Blanks:

________ were early fortified states of ancient India.
→ Mahājanapadas
________ and ________ were early democratic assemblies.
→ Sabha and Samiti
The first coins were made of ________.
→ Silver
The Ganga plains were important due to fertile ________.
→ Land
Vajji’s capital city was ________.
→ Vaiśālī

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