NCERT Solutions-Class 7 Chapter 3-Climates of India- Social Science

 Exercise Question Answers Chapter 3 Climates of India (Geography) Subject Social Science Class 7

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Questions and activities

1. Match the climatic factors with their effects:

Column A	Column B
(1) Latitude	(a) Brings wet air to India during summer
(2) Altitude	(b) Creates different climates in the north and south
(3) Proximity to the ocean	(c) Keeps higher places cooler
(4) Monsoon winds	(d) Moderates the temperature

   Answer: 

Column A	Column B
(1) Latitude	(b) Creates different climates in the north and south
(2) Altitude	(c) Keeps higher places cooler
(3) Proximity to the ocean	(d) Moderates the temperature
(4) Monsoon winds	(a) Brings wet air to India during summer

2. Answer the following questions

a) Difference between weather and climate:

• Weather: Changes daily (rainy, sunny, windy).

• Climate: Weather pattern over a long time (many years).

b) Why places near ocean have milder temperatures:

• Water heats and cools slower than land.

• Sea breeze keeps summers cool and winters warm.

c) Role of monsoon winds in India's climate:

• Bring rain to most parts of India.

• Help farmers grow crops.

• Affect seasons and temperature.

d) Why Chennai is warm, and Leh is cold:

• Chennai: Near the sea, at low altitude → warm all year.

• Leh: High altitude, far from sea → cold most of the year.

 3. Look at a map of India given at the end of this book. Identify the climate for these cities - Leh, Chennai, Delhi, Panaji and Jaipur.

ƒ Is the place near the sea, in the mountains, or in the desert?

ƒ How do these factors affect the climate there?

City	Climate Type	Near Sea / Mountains / Desert	Effect on Climate
Leh	Cold, Alpine	Mountains (Himalayas)	Very cold winters, cool summers
Chennai	Tropical	Near the Sea (Bay of Bengal)	Hot and humid, mild winters
Delhi	Subtropical	Inland Plains	Very hot summers, cold winters
Panaji	Tropical Wet	Coastal (Arabian Sea)	Heavy rainfall, humid
Jaipur	Arid/Semi-arid	Near Desert (Thar Desert)	Very hot summers, little rain

4. Draw the monsoon cycle in summers and winters on a map of India.

ƒ Label where the winds blow in summer and winter

ƒ Show the direction of winds during the monsoon

Answer: 

Draw the monsoon cycle (Summer and Winter)

(Summary to draw on the map — simple points:)

• Summer (June-September):

  • Winds blow from ocean to land (Southwest Monsoon).

  • Brings rain to India.

  • Arrows from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal towards India.

• Winter (October-March):

  • Winds blow from land to ocean (Northeast Monsoon).

  • Dry winds mostly, little rain.

👉 (Draw arrows showing wind movement for both seasons.)

5. Make a colourful poster showing festivals in India linked to farming and weather (e.g., Baisakhi, Onam). Add pictures or drawings of these festivals.

Answer: (Ideas for poster:)

• Baisakhi (Punjab): Harvest festival after wheat crop.

• Onam (Kerala): End of monsoon harvest festival.

• Pongal (Tamil Nadu): Thanks to Sun God for good crops.

• Makar Sankranti (North India): Celebrate winter harvest with kite flying.

• Bihu (Assam): Celebrate new crops with dances and songs.
  🎨 (Add pictures of crops, rain, farmers, celebrations, colorful drawings.)

6. Imagine you are a farmer in India. Write a short diary entry about how you would prepare for the rainy season.

Answer: Diary Entry Example:

• Today I checked my fields to prepare for the rain.

• I cleaned the water channels for good drainage.

• I bought seeds for rice and maize.

• I repaired my tools and ploughs.

• I stored fertilizer in a dry place.

• I prayed for a good monsoon.

• I made sure our home roof doesn’t leak.

• I planned which crops to sow first.

• I kept emergency food ready.

• Waiting happily for the first rain!

7. Identify a natural disaster (e.g., cyclone, flood, landslide, or forest fire) and write a short essay that includes the causes and impacts. Suggest actions that individuals, communities and the government can take to reduce the impact.

Answer: Cyclone: Causes and Impacts

• Causes:

  • Low pressure over warm sea.

  • Winds move inwards, rotating fast.

  • Moisture from sea causes rain and storms.

• Impacts:

  • Flooding of houses and streets.

  • Destruction of crops, trees, buildings.

  • Power cuts and communication loss.

  • People and animals get hurt or killed.

• Actions to reduce impact:

  • Build strong houses in coastal areas.

  • Plant trees to break strong winds.

  • Set up early warning systems.

  • Teach people about safe evacuation.

  • Government must have rescue teams ready (like NDRF).

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To Learn More NCERT Solutions Click Below:

Chapter 1-Geographical Diversity of India