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PPTs-The Rise of Empires-Class 7-Social Science

  PowerPoint Presentation for Chapter 5 The Rise of Empires(History)-Class 7 Subject Social Science *************************************** What is an Empire?  The word ‘empire’ comes from the Latin ‘imperium’, which means ‘supreme power’. Simply put, an empire is a collection of smaller kingdoms or territories over which a powerful ruler exerts power. The smaller territories still had their own rulers but were all tributaries to the emperor. Features of an Empire Empires extended over vast areas and had diverse people. Emperors allowed regional kings or chiefs to govern their areas. They maintained an army to expand and protect the empire. They had a well-developed administration to collect taxes and maintain order. Emperors issued laws, regulated trade, and maintained infrastructure. They encouraged arts, literature, and education. They controlled access to resources. Communication networks were maintained across the empire. Trade, Trade...

PPTs-Chapter 1- Geographical Diversity of India-Class 7- Social Science

PowerPoint Presentation for Chapter 1- Geographical Diversity of India-Class 7-Subject Social Science

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Geographical Diversity of India

  1. India has a rich geographical diversity, with mountains, plains, plateaus, deserts, coasts, and islands.

  2. The Himalayas in the north act as a natural barrier and are home to the world's highest peaks.

  3. The fertile Gangetic Plains support a large population through agriculture.

  4. The Thar Desert, the Peninsular Plateau, and the coastal regions show India's varied landscapes.

  5. This diversity influences India's climate, culture, biodiversity, and way of life.


The Himalayas

  1. The word ‘Himalaya’ is a combination of two Sanskrit words — hima, meaning ‘snow’, and ālaya, meaning ‘abode’ or ‘dwelling’ — thus, ‘abode of snow’.

  2. The Himalayas seem to touch the sky. 

  3. In fact, many of its peaks are over 8000 metres in height and are together called the ‘Eight Thousanders’. 

  4. This mountain range stretches across six countries in Asia: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. 

  5. Himalayas are sometimes called the ‘Water Tower of Asia’. The Himalayas are also important to many cultures and belief systems.

  6. Gangotri Glacier  is one of the largest in the Indian Himalayas.

  7.  It is considered sacred and attracts many pilgrims. 

  8. Gaumukh is also a popular trekking destination.


Three Ranges of Himalaya

  1. The Himadri (the Greater Himalayas) are the highest and most rugged part of the range, home to towering peaks like Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga. Life here is tough, and there are not many human settlements.

  2. The Himachal (the Lower Himalayas) lie south of the Greater Himalayas and have a more moderate climate, allowing rich biodiversity and human habitation. Popular hill stations, such as Nainital (Uttarakhand), Darjeeling (West Bengal), Shimla (Himachal Pradesh), and Mussoorie (Uttarakhand), are located in this region.

3. The Shivalik Hills (the Outer Himalayas) form the outermost and lowest range, consisting of rolling hills and dense forests. These foothills are rich in wildlife, serving as a transition zone between the Himalayas and the Gangetic Plains (also called the Northern Plains).

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Chapter 1- Geographical Diversity of India


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