Lifelines of National Economy-Question Answers

 

Chapter:- Lifelines of National Economy

Class-10

Subject-SST

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Q1.  Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?

  Or

 "Efficient means of transport are the prerequisite for fast development".  Express your views in favor of this statement.

Or 

"Transport routes are called the basic arteries of our economy".  Support this statement with examples.

Ans. 1. Provide linkage:-  Transportation is the lifeline of a country.  This connects one part of the country with another part and helps in providing essential products to all places and people.

2.  Economic development:- This helps the Industries to get raw material. its finished products are transported by railway and Roadways to different places.  Agriculture also depends greatly on transportation.

3.  National and cultural integration:-  India is a very vast  country.  Transport network brings people of different cast, colour, creed, religion and  language near to each other.

4. Transfer of Technology:- These help to transfer better technology from one country to another or from one part of the state to the other.

5. Enriched life:- It has enriched our life and added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.

Roadways 

Define Road density and Average Road density?

Ans. Road density is the length of roads per 100 sq km area. The average Road density is 142.68 km( 31 March 2011)

Q2. "Road transport in India is not competitive but complimentary to railways ". Justify the statement by supporting arguments.

Or

Why is road transport more useful than rail transport in India?  Explain. 

Or

' Roadways still have an edge over Railways in India'.  Support the statement with arguments/ examples.

Ans. 1. Road Transport is suitable for short distance whereas rail transport for long distance.

2.  Road vehicles can be stopped anywhere on roads,  whereas trains stop at particular stations. 

3.  Roads  can be constructed in any terrain whereas Railway runs through only flat terrain roads.

4. Road provides door to door service while Railways cannot. 

5.  Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of Railways lines.

6.  Road Transport is used as a feeder of other Modes of transport.

7.  Road Transport increases the efficiency of Railways by backing up the linkages.

Q3. How are roads classified in India? Write a short note on Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways.

Ans. 

A). In India  roads are classified according to their capacity.

B).  There are 6 types of roads in India:- 

1.  Golden Quadrilateral super Highways. 

2.  National Highways. 

3. State Highways 

 4. District roads 

5.  Village roads   

6.  Border roads.

Q4. Write a short note on Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways.

Answer:

1.  This project was launched in 1999. 

2.  The project is being implemented by the National Highway Authority of India(NHAI).

 This project has the following components:-

Phase-1

 Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways 

1. This project connects Delhi- Mumbai-Chennai- Kolkata- Delhi  by 6  lane  super Highway.

2.  Its total length is 5846 kilometers.

 Phase-2

1.  North-South Corridor:-  This corridor aims to connect the national highway from Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) to Kanyakumari.

2.  East-West corridor:-  This corridor aims to connect the national highway from Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat.

Q5. Distinguish between National Highway and state highway.

 Ans.  National Highway

1. National Highways link extreme parts of the country.

2. These are constructed and maintained by the Central Public Works Department.

3. The National Highway serves as the main  roads to the country.

 State Highway

1. They join the state capital with different district headquarters.

2. These are constructed and maintained by the State Public Work Department.

3. State Highways serve as feeders  to the national highways. 

Q6.  What is the significance of border roads? 

Or

 What are border roads?  mention two reasons why they are important?

Ans. 

1. Border Roads Organisation( BRO ) a government of India undertaking constructs and maintains roads in the bordering Areas.

 2. BRO  was established in 1960 for  the development of the roads of  strategic importance in the Northern and North Eastern border areas.

3.  These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain.

4. These roads also helped in the economic development of border areas of the country.

Q7. Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India.

 Ans. 1. Unmetalled roads and their improper maintenance:-  About 40% of the roads are not metalled.  During the rainy season most of them become muddy and unsuitable for traffic.

2. Inadequate side communities:-  Along the roads,  repair shops, first aid centres, toilets are not adequately developed.

3. Road network is inadequate:-  the road network is not sufficient according to the number of passengers and volume of traffic.

4.  Roadways are highly congested:- National Highways are inadequate and are highly contested in cities and their bridges and converts are narrow.

5.  Unstable rule policy:-  there is not a stable policy for the construction,  Extension and maintenance of roads.

Q8. Explain the importance of Railways as the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers.

Or

' Indian Railways binds the economic life of the country as well as accelerates the development of industry and Agriculture'. justify the statement.

Ans.

1. It is suitable for long distance travel.

2.  The Indian Railways have a network of 7133 stations spread over a route length of 64460km.

3.  It conducts multiple activities like Business, sightseeing and pilgrimage along with transportation of goods. 

4.  It plays an important role in National Integration.

5.  It accelerates the development of industry and Agriculture.

6. It is the largest public sector undertaking in the country.

7.  They have been helpful in binding the economic life of the country and cultural fusion.

Q9.  The distribution of patterns of the railway network in the country has been largely influenced by physiographic factors. support the statement with examples.

Or

 Why is the dense network of roads and Railways transport found in North Indian plains?

Or

Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?

Ans. 

1. Nature of relief:-  Mountainous regions have less concentration of railway network because of high cost of construction. The rugged terrain of Himalaya,  Sandy desert of Rajasthan,  forested  track of Madhya Pradesh have very few Railway lines.

2.  Plain topography:-  Most of the level plains have dense networks of railway. The vast level and high density of population and rich agricultural resources provide the base for the dense  railway network.

3.  Level of economic development:-  Regions with greater Industrial and agricultural activities Favour development for dense railway network. 

4.  Density of Population:-  High density of population and agricultural resources provide the most favorable condition for their expansion. 

5.  Trade and Commerce:- Regions with high trade activities favor development of railways because railways help in transporting products from one region to another.

Q10. Explain the main problems,  being faced by Indian Railways. What values among users will help in maintenance of railway property?

Ans.

1.  Many passengers travel without tickets causing loss of railway revenue.

2.  People pull the chain unnecessarily which leads to late running of trains.

3. Thefts  and damage of railway property are serious problems.

4.  People stop trains which cause heavy losses to the Railways.

5.  Lack of cleanliness of trains and stations.

 Values:-

1.  Respect and care of national property.

2.  Sense of responsibility.

3.  Love for the nation.

Pipelines 

Q11. Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India? Explain.

Ans. 

1. Presently these are used to transport Crude Oil, Petroleum products and natural gas.

2.  Initial cost of living pipeline is high but the running cost is  minimal.

3.  Solids after converting them into slurry can also be transported by pipelines.

4.  It rules out delay and losses.

5.  They can be laid through difficult terrain as well as under water. 

 waterways

Q12. Describe the features of waterways in India.

Ans.

1.  They are the  cheapest means of transport.

2.  They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.

3.  Waterway is a fuel efficient and environment friendly mode of transport.

4.  India has 14500 km long inland navigation waterways.

5.  India's trade  with foreign countries is carried from the port located along the coast.

Q13.  mention the names of national waterways of India.

Ans. 

1). National Waterways NO.  1-  This waterway is on the Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia. It is 1620 km long.

2).  N. W. No. 2-  This waterway is on the Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri. It is 891km long.

3). N. W. No.  3 - This waterway is on the West Coast Canal in Kerala. It is 205 km long.

4).  N. W. no.  4 - This waterway is on the Godavari and Krishna rivers along with the Kakinada Puducherry stretch  of canals. It is 1078 kilometers long.

5). N. W. no. 5-  These waterways on the Brahmani river along with Matai river, Delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani river and east coast Canal.  It is 588 kilometers long.

Airways 

Q14. Why is air transport more useful nowadays?  give examples.

Or

 What is the significance of airways as a mode of transport?  mention the merits of it.

Ans.

1.  Air travel today is the fastest,  most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.

2. It can cover very difficult Terrain like Hagh mountain,  desert, dense  forest and long oceanic stretches  with great ease.

3.  It helps oil and natural gas companies in their Offshore operations. 

4.  It is also very useful for the rescue operations during natural and human made calamities like floods, earthquakes etc.

5.  There are no physical barriers during the trip.

6.  It is also very expensive.

Q15. Why is air transport an important means of transport in the North Eastern part of our country?

Ans.

1.  Big rivers:-  Because of the presence of big rivers like Brahmaputra,  it is difficult to construct roads and Railways. Moreover, rivers are over flooded. 

2. Dissected relief:-  Uneven surface is not suitable for the construction of roads and Railways.

3. Dense forest:-  Dense forest also hampered the construction of other means of transport.

Q16. What is the significance of mass communication in a country like India? Explain with examples.

Ans.

1.  It covers more than 95% of India's population.

2.  It is a source of education and entertainment.

3. It brings all classes of people together.

4.  It covers a variety of topics such as news, sports, business, education and entertainment.

5.  This creates awareness among the people and helps in forming public opinion.

 Q17. Distinguish between personal and Mass Communication.

Ans.  Personal communication: 

1. Personal means of communication are those through which only personal.

2. Messages are exchanged that can be used by an individual for his personal activities.

3.  telephone mobile postal network etc are the main source of personal Communication.

 Mass Communication:

1.  Mass communications are those through which one can communicate with several people at the same time.

2.  This can be used by the government to create awareness among the people about various National programmes and policies.

3.  Radio, television , newspaper etc are the main source of mass communication.

 Q18. International trade of a country is considered an economic barometer. elaborate the statement with suitable explanations.

Or

 Advancement of International Trade of a country is an index of its economic prosperity. highlight the segments of international trade with regard to India.

Or

 write a note on the changing nature of international trade in the last 15 years.

Ans. 

1.  India has trade relations with all regions of the world.

2.  commodities of export all increasing or of us India export agriculture and allied products and Minerals.

3. Gems and jewels, engineering goods etc.

4.  Commodities imported to India include petroleum and petroleum products pearls, precious Stones, inorganic Chemicals etc.

5.  Exchange of commodities and goods have been superseded by exchange of Information and knowledge.

6.  India has emerged as a software giant at international level.

7.  India is earning foreign exchange through the export of Information and Technology.

Q19.  “No Country can survive without international trade in the present Global world”.  Explain with the arguments.

Ans:

1.  No country in the world is self-sufficient in all its needs. 

2.  Goods produced by one country are required by the other country and vice versa.

3.   It helps in exchange of surplus goods with those of deficit countries through foreign trade.  Foreign trade has helped India to improve its productivity of manufactured goods.

4.  International trade contributes to India economic growth raising the income level of people thus increasing the foreign exchange reserves.

5. International trade helps India to import advanced technology from other countries to improve its own production.

Q20. Why is tourism considered to be a part of trade as well as industry? explain.

Ans. 

1. Tourism has grown substantially in the last three decades.

2.  Tourists bring an amount of foreign exchange.

3. Every year tourist spots have supported local handicraft and cultural perception.

4.  It has generated employment. more than 50 million  people are directly engaged in the tourism industry.

5.  It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage.

6.  Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, Eco tourism, adventure tourism, culture tourism and medical tourism etc.

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