ELECTORAL POLITICS-QUESTION ANSWERS-CLASS-9-SST

 

ELECTORAL POLITICS
CLASS-9
SUBJECT-SST

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1. What are elections?

Answer:
It is a mechanism by which people can choose their representatives at regular intervals.

2. What is a constituency?

Answer:
The entire country is divided into fixed electoral areas for purposes of elections. This is called constituency.

3. What are the reserved constituencies?

Answer:
The constituencies that are reserved for people who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, are called reserved constituencies.

4. Who is the head of the Election Commission?

Answer:
The Chief Election Commissioner is the head of the Election Commission.

5. What are the main functions of the Election Commission of India?

Answer:

a). Section Commission takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of election. 

b). It implements code of conduct. 

c). It orders the government to follows the guidelines, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its win elections, or to transfer some government officials.

d).  If Election Commission feels unfairness in polling, it orders a re-poll.

6. Why do we need elections?

Answer:

a) They can choose who will make laws for them. 

b) They can choose who will form the government and take major decisions. 

c) They can choose the party whose policies will guide the government and law making.

7. What makes elections democratic?

or

What are the minimum conditions needed for a democratic election?
Answer:

There are five minimum conditions needed for a democratic election. They are :

a) Everyone should have the right to vote and every vote should have equal value.

b) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and they should offer some real choice to the voters.

c) Elections must be held regularly .

d) Candidates preferred by the people should be elected.

e) Elections should be conducted in a free and fair manner.

8. Is it good to have political competition?

Answer: 

Yes, it is good to have political competion:

a) This system works better in the long run. 

b) All political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them.

c)  Regular electoral competition provides incentives to political parties and leaders. 

d) They know that if they raise issues that people want to be raised, their popularity and chances of victory will increase in the next elections.

e)  But if they fail to satisfy the voters with their work they will not be able to win again.

No, it is not good to have political competion:

a)  It creates a sense of disunity.

b)  Different political parties and leaders often level allegations against one another.

c) Parties and candidates often use dirty tricks to win elections.

 d) Some good people who may wish to serve the country do not enter this arena.

9. When we celebrate voter's Day every years?

Answer:

We celebrate Voter's day every year on 25th January. on this day election commission of india was formed. 

10. Explain the election procedure in india?

Answer: 

a) Electoral constituencies

b) Reserved constituencies

c) Prepared voter's list time to time

d) Filling of Nomination

e) Withdrawl of nomination

f) Election Campaign

g) Polling

h) Counting of votes and declaration of result.

11.What means General elections?

Answer:

Elections held in all constituencies at the same time, either on the same day or within a few days is called a General Election. 

12.What means By-Election?

Answer:

Sometimes elections are held only for one constituency to fill the vacancy caused by death or resignation of a member. This is called a By-Election.

13. What are Electronic Voting Machines?

Answer:

a) Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) are used to record votes. 

b) The machine shows the names of the candidates and the party symbols.

 

c) Independent candidates too have their own symbols, allotted by election officials. 

d) All the voter has to do is to press the button against the name of the candidate she wants to give her vote.

14. What unfair practices are generally used in elections by our contesting candidates?

Answer:
Unfair practices are quite common in elections. A lot of unfair practices are used during this time. Some of these are given below:

• Inclusion of false names and exclusion of genuine names in the voters’ list;
• Misuse of government facilities and government officials by the ruling party;
• Excessive use of money by rich candidates and big parties;
• Intimidation of voters and rigging on the polling day.

15. In which way does the Election Commission enjoy the same kind of independence as the judiciary?

Answer:
The Election Commission enjoys the same kind of independence that the judiciary enjoys.

• The Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) is appointed by the President of India.
• But, once appointed, he is not answerable to the President or the government.
• Even if the ruling party or the government does not like what the Commission does, it is virtually impossible for it to remove the Chief Election Commissioner.

16. What are the challenges to free and fair elections in India?

Answer:

a) Candidates and parties with a lot of money may not be sure of their victory but they do enjoy a big and unfair advantage over smaller parties and independents.

b) In some parts of the country, candidates with criminal connection have been able to push others out of the electoral race and to secure a ‘ticket’ from major parties.

c) Some families tend to dominate political parties; tickets are distributed to relatives from these families.

d) Very often elections offer little choice to ordinary citizens, for both the major parties are quite similar to each other both in policies and practice.

e) Smaller parties and independent candidates suffer a huge disadvantage compared to bigger parties.

17. Explain the role of the Election Commission in conducting the free and fair elections.

Answer:
The role of the Election Commission in conducting the free and fair elections is as follows:

• Election Commission takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of elections from the announcement of elections to the declaration of results.
• It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it.
• It allots election symbols to parties and independent candidates.
• During the election period, the Election Commission can order the government to follow some guidelines, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections, or to transfer some government officials.
• When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the Election Commission and not the government.

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