In-Text Questions ( The Beginning of Indian Civilization) Class 6

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In- Text Question
Chapter-The Beginning of Indian Civilization

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The Big Questions

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What is a civilisation?

Answer:- A Civilization is a complex society with the following key features:-

1. Cities:- Civilisations have large organised communities or cities where people live and work together.

2. Government:- They have systems of leadership and rules to help manage and organise the society.

3. Writing:- Civilisations often have writing systems to record important information and communicate.

4. Technology:- They use advanced tools and techniques to make life easier and more productive.

5. Culture:- Civilizations have rich traditions, art and beliefs that are shied among their people.

Q2. What was the earliest civilization of the Indian subcontinent?

Answer:- The earliest known civilization of the subcontinent is the Indus Valley Civilization, also known as Harappan civilization.

Q3. What were its major achievements?

Answer:- Its major achievements are:-

1. Urban planning:- Well planned cities with great layouts, drainage system and sanitation facilities.

2. Advanced Architecture:- Use of fired bricks, multi-storied buildings and impressive granaries.

3. Craft and Technology:- Skilled in metalworking, pottery and seal carving and developed a system of weights and measures.

4. Trade:- Extensive trade network with Mesopotamia and other regions. Evidence of trade goods like beads and tools.

5. Writing System:- Developed a writing system, though its full decipherment remains a work in progress.

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Let's Explore

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Q1. For each characteristics in the list above can, you make a list of professions or occupations that might exist in such a society. (Page 87)

Answer:- The list of professions for occupations that might exist in such a society is as follows:-

Farmer, hunter, batcher, Weaver, metalworker, bead maker, fisherman, animal harder, Potter, Stone Carver, jeweller etc.

Construction and Engineering:-

Mason, carpenter, architect, brickmaker, canal builder, road builder, house builder, drainage engineer, wall painter etc.

Trade and Commerce:-

Merchant, trader, caravan leader, market vendor, moneylender, warehousekeeper, Scribe, accountant, transporter, ship builder etc.

Administrative and Religious Roles:-

City planner, priest, astrologer, healer , chieftain, Tax collector, Law enforcer, record keeper, council members etc.

Q2. Some of the important cities of this civilisation are marked in the map( Fig. 6.3). As a class activity, can you try to match the cities with the modern states for regions in the table given below?

Harappan City	Modern state/region
Dholavira	Punjab
Harappa	Gujarat
Kalibangan	Sindh
Mohenjo-daro	Haryana
Rakhigarhi	Rajasthan

Answer:

Harappan City	Modern state/region
Dholavira	Gujarat
Harappa	Punjab
Kalibangan	Rajasthan
Mohenjo-daro	Sindh
Rakhigarhi	Haryana